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TRandom

Random number generator

By creating multiple TRandom objects, multiple independent random number generators can be used in parallel.

Methods

Method RndFloat:Float() Abstract

Generate random float

Returns

A random float in the range 0 (inclusive) to 1 (exclusive)

Example

' RndFloat.bmx
' Two players take turns shooting at a target. The first hit wins.
' Player 1 hits 30% of the time, player 2 hits 40%.
' What is the probability that player 1 wins?

SuperStrict

Function winner:Int()   ' play game once, return winner 1 or 2
    Repeat
        If RndFloat() < 0.3 Then Return 1
        If RndFloat() < 0.4 Then Return 2
    Forever
End Function

Local count:Int[3]

Local trials:Int = 1000000

For Local n:Int = 1 To trials
    count[ winner() ] :+ 1
Next

Print "Estimated probability = " + ( Float( count[1] ) / Float( trials ) )
Print
Print "    Exact probability = " + ( 15.0 / 29.0 )

Method RndDouble:Double() Abstract

Generate random double

Returns

A random double in the range 0 (inclusive) to 1 (exclusive)

Example

' RndDouble.bmx
' Two players take turns shooting at a target. The first hit wins.
' Player 1 hits 30% of the time, player 2 hits 40%.
' What is the probability that player 1 wins?

SuperStrict

Function winner:Int()   ' play game once, return winner 1 or 2
    Repeat
        If RndDouble() < 0.3 Then Return 1
        If RndDouble() < 0.4 Then Return 2
    Forever
End Function

Local count:Int[3]

Local trials:Int = 1000000

For Local n:Int = 1 To trials
    count[ winner() ] :+ 1
Next

Print "Estimated probability = " + ( Double( count[1] ) / Double( trials ) )
Print
Print "    Exact probability = " + ( 15.0 / 29.0 )

Method Rnd:Double(minValue:Double = 1, maxValue:Double = 0) Abstract

Generate random double

The optional parameters allow you to use Rnd in 3 ways:

Format	Result
`Rnd()`	Random double in the range 0 (inclusive) to 1 (exclusive)
`Rnd(x)`	Random double in the range 0 (inclusive) to n (exclusive)
`Rnd(x,y)`	Random double in the range x (inclusive) to y (exclusive)

Returns

A random double in the range min (inclusive) to max (exclusive)

Example

' Rnd.bmx
' Use Rnd() to estimate area inside the unit circle x^2 + y^2 = 1.

SuperStrict

Local totalpoints:Int = 1000000
Local inpoints:Int

For Local n:Int = 1 To totalpoints
    Local x:Double = Rnd( -1.0, 1.0 )               ' Generate random point in 2 by 2 square.
    Local y:Double = Rnd( -1.0, 1.0 )

    If x*x + y*y < 1.0 Then inpoints :+ 1     ' point is inside the circle
Next

' Note: Ratio of areas circle/square is exactly Pi/4.

Print "Estimated area = " + ( 4.0 * Double(inpoints)/Double(totalpoints) )
Print
Print "    Exact area = " + Pi     '  4 * Pi/4, compare with estimate

Method Rand:Int(minValue:Int, maxValue:Int = 1) Abstract

Generate random integer

The optional parameter allows you to use Rand in 2 ways:

Format	Result
`Rand(x)`	Random integer in the range 1 to x (inclusive)
`Rand(x,y)`	Random integer in the range x to y (inclusive)

Returns

A random integer in the range min (inclusive) to max (inclusive)

Example

' Rand.bmx
' Toss a pair of dice. Result is in the range 1+1 to 6+6.
' Count how many times each result appears.

SuperStrict

Local count:Int[13]

For Local n:Int = 1 To 3600
    Local toss:Int = Rand(1,6) + Rand(1,6)
    count[toss] :+ 1
Next

For Local toss:Int = 2 To 12
    Print LSet(toss, 5)+count[toss]
Next

Method SeedRnd(seed:Int) Abstract

Set random number generator seed

Example

' RndSeed.bmx and SeedRnd.bmx ( one example for both )
' Get/Set random number seed.

SuperStrict

SeedRnd MilliSecs()

Local seed:Int = RndSeed()

Print "Initial seed="+seed

For Local k:Int = 1 To 10
Print Rand(10)
Next

Print "Restoring seed"

SeedRnd seed

For Local k:Int = 1 To 10
Print Rand(10)
Next

Method RndSeed:Int() Abstract

Get random number generator seed

Used in conjunction with SeedRnd, RndSeed allows you to reproduce sequences of random numbers.

Returns

The current random number generator seed

Example

' RndSeed.bmx and SeedRnd.bmx ( one example for both )
' Get/Set random number seed.

SuperStrict

SeedRnd MilliSecs()

local seed:int = RndSeed()

Print "Initial seed="+seed

For local k:int = 1 To 10
    Print Rand(10)
Next

Print "Restoring seed"

SeedRnd seed

For local k:int = 1 To 10
    Print Rand(10)
Next